Effect of a splint on measures of sustained grip exertion under different forearm and wrist postures

Despite the facts that gripping tasks have been found to be highly correlated with CTS and that splints are gaining popularity as personal protective equipment, the influence of splints on grip performance has not been determined adequately. The present study intends to investigate the influence of splints without the volar parts as well as of forearm and wrist postures on grip performances including maximal volitional contraction (MVC), maximum acceptable sustained time (MAST), cumulated exertion output (CEO), and normalized exertion level (NEL). Twenty college-student volunteers, 10 males and 10 females, were recruited. The factors of interest were gender, forearm position, wrist deviation, and splint (with and without). The forearm positions were set at 30 degrees internal shoulder rotation, 0 degrees internal shoulder rotation, and 30 degrees external shoulder rotation, the angles being measured between the sagittal plane and the long axis of dominant forearm. The wrist deviations were extension 30 degrees , neutral, and flexion 30 degrees , the angles being measured between the sagittal plane and the long axis of the grip gauge. The results indicate that the gender effect is the most dominantly significant on all evaluated response variables. Males have more MVC (220 vs. 337N), longer MAST (20.2 vs. 10.5s), and greater CEO (4306 vs. 1638Ns), but less NEL (66.6 vs. 73.9%MVC). The forearm posture is shown to be significant only on MVC. In addition, the effect of wrist posture cannot shift all responses, nor can the effect of splints. In general, a splint without volar part seems to be recommended while performing infrequent and forceful gripping tasks under the consideration of prevention, but there should be more information about the application of a splint without volar part while performing a repetitively gripping task.     

New Clustering Method in High-Di mensional Space Based on Hypergraph-Models

Clustering of datain alarge di mensionspaceis ofa great interest in many data mining applications .Clustering methods have been studiedin several areasincluding statistics , machine learning and data min-ing. Most of the algorithms are effective whenthe di-mensionality of the datais relativelysmall .But ,theseschemes tend to break down when the di mensionalityof the datais very high.There are several reasons[1].First ,it is not trivial to define distance measure in alarge di mensional space .…     

基于电路分块方法的超大规模集成电路测试技术

随着集成电路工艺和规模的飞速发展,使得VLSI测试变得日益困难,因此测试技术成为VLSI领域的一个重要研究课题。在分析VLSI测试的瓶颈问题基础上,介绍了几种电路分块算法,分析了分块算法对于VLSI测试的必要性。利用分块算法将原始电路划分为若干子块有利于采用不同BIST结构对子块进行测试,使得一定时间内电路翻转次数降低,而功耗也随之降低;通过比较并行BIST和扫描BIST的实验结果,发现并行BIST获得的系统故障覆盖率高于扫描BIST。     

Capacity and SER Analysis of MIMO MRC Systems in an Interference-Limited Environment

The effect of co-channel interference (CCI) is considered in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employing maximal ratio combining (MRC) under independent and identically distributed Rayleigh fading. Closed-form capacity and symbol error rate expressions are presented to evaluate the performance without any numerical integrations or statistical simulations. The analytical results are compared with Monte Carlo simulations and the good agreement is obtained.

Effect of juice processing on cranberry antibacterial properties

The effects of the industrial juice process on the ability of neutralized cranberry samples and extracts (polar, apolar and anthocyanins) to inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecium resistant to vancomycin (ERV), Escherichia coli O157:H7 EDL 933, E. coli ATCC 25922, Listeria monocytogenes HPB 2812, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Salmonella Typhimurium SL1344 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 were investigated. The juice process appeared to have a general enhancing effect on the antibacterial properties of cranberry polar and anthocyanin extracts. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (1.80–7.0 μg phenol/well) were obtained when S. aureus, S. Typhimurium, and ERV were exposed to the juice concentrate. The growth of P. aeruginosa, L. monocytogenes, E. coli ATCC, and E. coli O157:H7 was not inhibited by the juice concentrate, but did show sensitivity (maximal tolerated concentrations of 0.007–0.4 μg phenol/well). The lowest MICs (22.6–90.5 μg phenol/well) for P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. Typhimurium, and ERV were observed when they were exposed to the cranberry anthocyanin extract obtained from cranberry pomace. The results also showed a negative effect of the juice process on the antibacterial properties of the cranberry apolar extracts: the one obtained from frozen cranberries was most efficient against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes and S. Typhimirium (MIC of 45.50 μg phenol/well). The tested bacteria showed the greatest resistance toward the cranberry extracts obtained from the mash and the macerated and depectinized mash.     

Unsupervised regions based segmentation using object discovery

We present a new unsupervised algorithm to discovery and segment out common objects from multiple images. Compared with previous cosegmentation methods, our algorithm performs well even when the appearance variations in the foregrounds are more substantial than those in some areas of the backgrounds. Our algorithm mainly includes two parts: the foreground object discovery scheme and the iterative region allocation algorithm. Two terms, a region-saliency prior and a region-repeatness measure, are introduced in the foreground object discovery scheme to detect the foregrounds without any supervisory information. The iterative region allocation algorithm searches the optimal solution for the final segmentation with the constraints from a maximal spanning tree, and an effective color-based model is utilized during this process. The comparative experimental results show that the proposed algorithm matches or outperforms several previous methods on several standard datasets.     

用GM(1,1)模型对起重机最大静轮压的灰色预测

利用建立灰色系统理论的GM(1,1)模型,对50 t双梁桥式起重机的最大静轮压进行预测,结果显示预测值与实际值高度吻合,表明将灰色系统理论应用于起重机行业有关参数的预测是有效可行的。     

Adjoint-based model predictive control for optimal energy extraction in waked wind farms

In this paper, a model predictive control (MPC) is proposed for wind farms to minimize wake-induced power losses. A constrained optimization problem is formulated to maximize the total power production of a wind farm. The developed controller employs a two-dimensional dynamic wind farm model to predict wake interactions in advance. An adjoint approach as an efficient tool is utilized to compute the gradient of the performance index for such a large-scale system. The wind turbine axial induction factors are considered as the control inputs to influence the overall performance by taking the wake interactions into account. A layout of a 2 × 3 wind farm is considered in this study. The parameterization of the controller is discussed in detail for a practical optimal energy extraction. The performance of the adjoint-based model predictive control (AMPC) is investigated with time-varying changes in wind direction. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The computational complexity of the developed AMPC is also outlined with respect to the real time control implementation.